The one thing i've always found 'funny' is the whole - to protect younger people' -.
I don't see how that works.
If you have, for instance, a Man who is older than 16 who sleeps with a 14 year old and she consents then its very unlikely that this person will be found out. Seems reasonable to assume that.
If the 14 year old is forced then it is rape. The girl may or may not decide to tell anyone BUT at 14, 24 or 84 rape is rape is rape.
The fact she doesn't wish to tell anyone is not something one can associate with her age as a huge number of rape victims do not report their problem and age is irrelevent.
Poeple that want to molest children, again that is abuse so regardless of what laws are in place, it, saddly, will happen.
This is how I would have it.
12-16 year olds.
Even with the best education in the world, young teens are still going to be naturally inquisitive. While we should try our best to dissuade these youngsters from having sex, we should also do our best to teach them the proper practices of safe sex. Abstinance is nice in theory but will never work 100% of the time.
If any from this age group have CONSENTUAL sex with at most a years age difference between parties they should not have to fear any prosecution.
15 - 18 Year Olds.
I have had an overlap because, well its not uncommon to see a 15 year old dating a 16/17 year old and, to be honest, why should it be?
As long as they are both consenting it seems to me that by 15 you are mature enough(not placing the onus on the girls, but there is a very strong argument that you mature quicker than guys so the girl would be as able to determine if she is ready to be with a guy at 15 as she would at 16).
I would just reiterate the education aspect of this.
For gay guys, I would again suggest that it be 'legal' for this age range, however over and above a year or 19+, then I would say this is wrong.
18+ as long as it is consentual its fine.
I don't think the sexual preference should have any bearing on this and i'm sure this wouldn't please everyone BUT sex is something we all experience at different times and its natural that we do so. We should be educating more on the safe side of it and while being protective of the younger members of society, understand that they are growing up and becoming inquisitive of this side of life. The shouldn't be treated as adults exactly, but they should be afforded a safety net to grow at their own pace and experience life at the same pace.
Ultimately though, to coin a Labour phrase never backed up, we should be 100% behind 'education, education, education'.
What about transsexuals, intersexuals (that the word in English too?) and genderqueer people?
Never heard intersexuals or genderqueer before, but as long as its mutual and consented within the ages i've suggested above, I see no issue with it.